Privredni izveštaj - Vizionari / Economic Report - Visionaries
utorak mart 19, 2024
CULTURE
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Uspešnu državu prave vizionari

Privredni izveštaj / Economic Report - MIODRAG ZEC
Profesor ekonomije / Professor of Economics

Miodrag ZecZa Miodraga Zeca, profesora ekonomije na Filozofskom fakultetu, kažu da je nosilac alternativne misli. U prevodu, često misli drugačije od establišmenta i popularnih tumača savremenih društvenih i ekonomskih dešavanja. Tvrdi da nam loše ide jer ne gledamo nekoliko koraka unapred, a pogrešan nam je i sistem vrednosti, prema kojem profesor ima gotovo nihilistički stav, svestan da se za dobrobit društva, za početak, treba ugledati na druge.

Nedavno ste rekli da više nema smisla govoriti. Zašto tako mislite?

Još uvek razmišljam o tom pitanju. Postoji obaveza da čovek nešto kaže, traže to od mene i na fakultetu i na ulici. Narod vapi za alternativnim mišljenjem koje ide malo unapred i nije samo stvar dnevne politike.

Da li to, onda, znači da uglavnom mislimo od danas do sutra, bez jasne vizije i plana?

Problem cele naše države je, ne samo poslednjih deset, dvadeset godina, već skoro od 1945. godine, nesposobnost da se spozna pet, šest koraka unapred, da predvidimo šta će se dešavati. Nas stalno događaji zatiču i mi krivudamo u svom strateškom opredeljenju – političkom, ekonomskom ili društvenom. Rezultat svega toga je ne samo to što smo izgubili državu u koju smo verovali, nego nismo uspeli ni da izgradimo neku novu, stabilnu, prepoznatljivu i koncepcijski jasnu državu.

Smatrate da je za to odgovoran pogrešan sistem vrednosti.

Prisustvujemo jednom radikalnom raspadu sistema društvenih vrednosti. Sad smo došli do tačke u kojoj se pitamo da li on, uopšte, može da iznedri državu. Ovde je sam pojam države nejasan. Ona se pojavljuje kao nešto gde jedna politička snaga vrši represiju nad drugom političkom grupom, što se ponavlja od 1945. Ne govorim samo o tekućem trenutku. Stanovništvo sve manje shvata čemu država služi. Država je proizvod ljudskog društva, za čiju proizvodnju je potrebno na desetine ili na stotine godina. Država se, u raznim formama, proizvodi od Hamurabija do Ivice Dačića.

Šta je potrebno za formiranje države?

Temeljno znanje. To Vam je kao znanje o metabolizmu. Zašto se nešto dešava, zašto dva čoveka jedu istu hranu – jedan se razboli od šećera, a drugi ne. To je složen sistem. U vrednosnom smislu, važno je da građani shvate da je država saveznik, a ne rasipnik. Naši ljudi ne shvataju da ima smisla stati na crveno svetlo, jure za autobusom kao na Kajmakčalanu, dok u drugim zemljama stoje u redu i brže uđu... To je kulturološki aspekt. Ti se rađaš u sistemu u kojem su neke vrednosti neupitne. Postoje tri modaliteta – najnaprednija protestantska društva poput Engleske i Nemačke, gde su grehovi protiv sistema vrednosti neoprostivi. Zatim, katolička društva u kojima se grehovi mogu otkupiti. I, na kraju, imate ova periferni model u kojem ljudi misle da će u raj, bez obzira na greške, jer im to vrednosno pripada. Tu, čak, nema ni oprosta u onom katoličkom smislu. To su ta tri modela civilizacije.

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Visionaries Create a Successful State

People say that Miodrag Zec, Professor of Economics at the Faculty of Philosophy, is the holder of alternative thoughts. That means that he often thinks differently from the establishment and the popular interpreters of contemporary social and economic developments. He claims that things go bad here, because we do not see a few steps ahead and our system of values is wrong. He has an almost a nihilistic attitude towards it, fully aware that, at the beginning, the well-being of society can be achieved only by emulating others.

You recently said that there is no point in talking. Why do you think so?

I am still thinking about that question. We should all say something and the people ask me to do that at the faculty and on the street. People are crying out for an alternative opinion, which goes slightly forward and is not just a matter of daily politics.

Does that mean that we mainly think about the most immediate necessities, without a clear vision or plan?

That is the problem of our entire country, not just in the last ten or twenty years ago, but since 1945. We should perceive is going on five or six steps in advance. Events keep catching us unprepared and we zigzag in our strategic orientation on politics, economy and society. The result is not only that we lost the state, in which we believed, but also that we did not succeed to build a new one, i.e. a stable, recognizable and conceptually clear state.

Do you think that the wrong system of values is responsible for that?

We are witnessing a radical break-up in our system of social values. We got to a point, in which we wonder whether that system of values can actually produce a state. Here the very notion of state is not clear. It manifests itself through a political force that represses another political group and that keeps happening again and again since 1945. I am not talking only about the current moment. People understand each time less what the state serves for. It is a product of human society that requires dozens or hundreds of years. The state is produced in various forms from Hammurabi up to Ivica Dačić.

What takes to create a state?

Thorough knowledge. It is like knowing about one’s metabolism. Why do things happen? Two people eat the same food, one gets sick from diabetes, while the other does not. It is a complex system. In terms of values, it is important that people realize that the state is an ally and not a spendthrift. Our people do not realize that it makes sense to stop at the red light They struggle to get into the bus, as if they were at the Kajmakchalan battle, while in other countries people wait in line and enter faster ... It is a cultural aspect. People are born in systems, in which some values are unquestionable. There are three ways: the most advanced Protestant societies like England and Germany, where sins against the system of values cannot be forgiven, the Catholic society, in which sins can be redeemed, and the peripheral societies, where people think that they will go to heaven regardless of their sins, because it is their intrinsic right. There is not even forgiveness in the Catholic sense. These are the three models of civilization.

(Continue reading more in printed edition)

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issue 13

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